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Support and resistance are price levels, or zones, where a market has repeatedly paused or reversed because buying pressure (support) or selling pressure (resistance) grew strong enough to slow the move. Support sits below the current price and resistance sits above it. Both are probabilities, not guarantees.

A moving average crossover happens when a faster moving average crosses above or below a slower moving average on the same chart, marking a shift in the trend. The two averages cover different numbers of periods, which is the only reason they can drift apart and cross at all. Both are built from prices that have already happened, and moving averages smooth price data to reduce market noise before confirming a trend, so a crossover confirms a move that has already begun rather than predicting one. For traders who use technical indicators to time entries and exits in forex and other markets, that distinction matters: crossovers can help you align with an existing trend, but they work best when you know how to filter out weak or false signals. Below, we break down how to read moving average crossovers, which period pairs suit different trading styles, what checks can confirm a valid signal, how crossover entry and exit strategies work, where they commonly fail, and how to set them up on MT4 and MT5.

Liquidity is the ease with which an asset can be bought or sold without causing a significant change in its market price. In trading, high liquidity generally means more available buyers and sellers, tighter bid-ask spreads, deeper market depth, and lower price impact, while low liquidity can increase spreads, slippage, and execution risk.

A liquidity sweep is a price move through a previously visible high, low, or liquidity level that fails to sustain the break and returns toward the previous range. A liquidity sweep can occur above a high or below a low, but the side being swept does not determine what price must do next. The reaction after the breach determines whether traders interpret the move as a reversal, continuation, or unclear setup. SMC and ICT traders often interpret these areas as places where stop-loss orders and breakout orders may cluster. The chart can confirm that price crossed and rejected a level, but the chart alone cannot prove which market participants caused the move or whether specific stops were deliberately targeted.

Market structure is the framework created by an asset's swing highs and swing lows that shows whether a market is trending up, trending down, or moving sideways. Instead of relying on lagging indicators, traders read market structure directly from price action to determine which direction has control and where that control is likely to change. Market structure classifies every market into one of three states that are bullish, bearish, or sideways, based purely on the sequence of highs and lows price has already printed. This guide covers what market structure means, how to identify its three types, what a Break of Structure and a Change of Character signal, how to read structure across timeframes, and how to apply it to trading and risk management. It also clears up a common point of confusion: "market structure" means something entirely different in economics than it does in trading. Market structure is a core concept within technical analysis, and reading market trends this way is what separates structural traders from indicator-only traders. This guide is written for beginner traders and professional traders alike.

Key Takeaways - CHoCH (Change of Character) occurs when price closes beyond the protected swing point maintaining the current trend, signalling that the existing structure may be weakening or reversing. - A bullish CHoCH breaks above the latest lower high in a downtrend, while a bearish CHoCH breaks below the latest higher low in an uptrend. - A valid CHoCH requires contextual confirmation through a candle-body close, supporting volume, and a successful retest; a wick alone may represent a liquidity sweep. - CHoCH is an early reversal warning, BOS confirms trend continuation, and MSS provides stronger confirmation that a new dominant trend has formed. - Traders can reduce false signals by aligning timeframes, waiting for a retracement-based entry, defining invalidation, and confirming subsequent structure in the new direction.

The Zero Lag Exponential Moving Average (ZLEMA) is a type of exponential moving average, or (EMA), that runs on an adjusted price, so the ZLEMA reacts to price changes sooner than a standard EMA. The ZLEMA targets lag, the delay built into all moving averages because they are calculated from past prices. This guide covers the ZLEMA formula, a worked example on real EUR/USD prices, how traders use the line, which settings suit each trading style and where the ZLEMA falls short.

The triple exponential moving average (TEMA) is a trend indicator that combines three exponential moving averages (EMAs) into one line to reduce lag, meaning the delay before the line reacts to a price change. Patrick Mulloy introduced the TEMA in 1994 as a faster version of the standard EMA. The TEMA stays closer to the price than a normal EMA, so it shows a change in trend sooner. But the TEMA is still built from past prices, so it only shows a new trend after price has already started moving. It can't tell you where price will go next.

VWMA uses a rolling fixed number of bars, whereas VWAP accumulates price and volume from a defined anchor, commonly the start of a trading session. Both indicators weight price by volume, but VWMA removes older bars as its lookback window moves, while VWAP retains observations from its anchor until the calculation resets or ends. VWMA usually provides a rolling trend reference. VWAP usually provides a session- or event-based price reference and execution benchmark. Neither indicator is universally better because each indicator measures a different price-volume relationship.

Volume-weighted average price (VWAP) is the cumulative average price of an asset over a defined period, with each price weighted by its trading volume. Standard VWAP usually starts at the session open and resets when the next session begins. Traders use VWAP as an execution benchmark and an intraday chart reference, but the value depends on the selected price, volume, data feed and session. Price above or below VWAP describes market context, it is not a complete buy or sell signal. A VWAP setup still requires confirmation, invalidation and risk controls.

A volume-weighted moving average (VWMA) is a rolling moving average that gives each bar’s selected price more or less influence according to that bar's trading volume. The VWMA multiplies each bar's price by its volume, adds those products across a selected lookback, and divides by the total volume in the same window. Higher-volume bars therefore affect the VWMA more than lower-volume bars. The VWMA describes past price and volume, the VWMA does not predict the next price. Unlike VWAP, which accumulates values from a selected anchor such as a session open, the VWMA continually rolls forward by a chosen number of bars.

A death cross is a technical chart signal that forms when the 50 day moving average falls below the 200 day moving average. It tells traders that recent prices have turned weaker than the longer trend behind them. Both averages are built from closing prices that have already happened, so a death cross confirms weakness that is already in the market. It does not predict what comes next. A golden cross is its exact opposite, ending the cycle when the same moving averages cross in reverse.

DEMA reacts faster than a normal moving average, sometimes flagging a trend change bars before an EMA would. Here's how it's built, how to trade the crossovers, and where that speed starts working against you.

A golden cross forms when a faster moving average, commonly the 50-day SMA, crosses above a slower moving average such as the 200-day SMA and is interpreted as potentially bullish whereas a death cross forms when the faster average crosses below the slower one and is interpreted as potentially bearish. Both are lagging signals based on past prices, so neither guarantees what the market will do next. The two patterns describe opposite directions of the same moving average crossover and require market context, confirmation and risk controls.

A golden cross is a bullish signal built from two moving averages on a price chart. This guide covers how it forms, how to trade it with a full worked example, and where the signal falls short.

A weighted moving average (WMA) is a rolling average that gives different levels of influence to the observations in its window by multiplying each value by an assigned weight. WMA is calculated by adding the weighted values and dividing by the total weight. In trading, WMA often means a linear WMA, where the newest price receives the largest weight.

EMA reacts faster, SMA stays smoother, and neither one predicts price. This guide breaks down the formulas, runs both averages on the same data side by side, and shows which settings suit your trading style.

There are three ways to buy SpaceX IPO shares: applying for pre-IPO access through one of five exclusive broker partners (Fidelity, Charles Schwab, Morgan Stanley's E*Trade, Robinhood, and SoFi), public access on June 12, or through TMGM for leveraged exposure.

The best SpaceX trading platform depends on whether you want to own SpaceX shares or trade the SPCX share price. SpaceX listed on the Nasdaq on 12 June 2026 under the ticker SPCX at a US$135 offer price, with roughly 30% of the offering reserved for retail investors, and the stock now trades freely at the market price. You can reach SpaceX through five types of platform, compared in the table below.

Direct Answer: A pennant flag pattern is a type of chart pattern used in technical analysis that signals continuation after a strong directional move. The structure resembles a flag pole with a small symmetrical triangle at the top.

A Simple Moving Average, or SMA, is a technical indicator that calculates the average closing price of an asset over a selected number of periods. Traders use the SMA to smooth price data, identify trend direction, and track dynamic support or resistance on a chart.

Direct Answer: Double top and double bottom patterns are trend reversal chart patterns in technical analysis. A double top (M-shape) signals a bearish reversal after an uptrend. A double bottom (W-shape) signals a bullish reversal after a downtrend. Both patterns form when price tests a key support or resistance level twice and fails to break through, confirming that the current trend is losing force. The reversal is valid only when price closes beyond the neckline.

Direct answer: A shooting star candlestick pattern is a single candle bearish reversal pattern that forms after an uptrend when buyers push price higher but fail to hold the move, leaving a long upper wick and a weak close near the low. It carries more weight near resistance and becomes more tradable when the next candle confirms seller control.

Dogecoin (DOGE) is an open-source, peer-to-peer cryptocurrency created in December 2013 as a satirical alternative to Bitcoin, built on its own Scrypt-based proof-of-work blockchain. The network produces a new block every minute, carries low transaction fees, and has no maximum supply cap, adding approximately 5.26 billion new coins per year through a fixed block reward of 10,000 DOGE. Its value is driven by market demand, cultural momentum, community support, brand recognition, and technical simplicity rather than digital scarcity. Dogecoin is used for merchant payments, tipping, charitable donations, speculative trading, and limited DeFi participation through wrapped tokens.

Litecoin (LTC) is a decentralised cryptocurrency built on a modified version of Bitcoin's protocol, designed for fast, low-cost peer-to-peer payments. The network runs on its own proof-of-work blockchain using the Scrypt hashing algorithm, producing a new block every 2.5 minutes with a maximum supply of 84 million coins. LTC's price is driven primarily by Bitcoin correlation and broader crypto market sentiment, while its underlying value rests on scarcity, transaction speed, low fees, and network security. Litecoin is used mainly for peer-to-peer transfers, merchant payments, and micro-transactions, and is also traded through spot exchanges and leveraged derivatives.

Direct Answer: A Marubozu candlestick is a single candle with a long body and no, or almost no, wicks, showing buyers or sellers controlled the session from open to close. The two main types are bullish Marubozu and bearish Marubozu, with three variations: Full Marubozu, Marubozu Open, and Marubozu Close. Traders use it as a momentum signal for technical analysis when trading breakouts and trend continuation, strongest with trend alignment and key level context.

Direct Answer: Triple top and triple bottom chart patterns are trend reversal chart patterns used in technical analysis that signal a potential trend change after price tests the same level three times. A Triple Top forms after an uptrend and confirms a bearish reversal when price breaks below support. A Triple Bottom forms after a downtrend and confirms a bullish reversal when price breaks above resistance. These patterns reflect structural exhaustion and are often used by traders performing breakout trading. Once the breakout occurs, control shifts from buyers to sellers or vice versa creating measurable trading opportunities.

A cup and handle pattern is a bullish continuation pattern that forms after an established uptrend. It consists of a rounded pullback called the cup, followed by a short consolidation near resistance called the handle. A breakout above the handle can signal that buyers are taking control again. Traders watch this pattern because it combines trend context, price structure, and breakout timing in one setup.

Direct Answer: The hammer candlestick is a single-candle bullish reversal pattern found at the bottom of a downtrend (Definition) that forms when sellers initially drive prices lower, but aggressive buyers step in to force a close near the open (Mechanism of Action). This creates its signature anatomy of a small real body with a long lower wick and little to no upper shadow (Components). To execute a trade, you must identify this specific shape after a clear decline and wait for a subsequent bullish candle to confirm the entry (How to), keeping in mind that the pattern should never be traded in isolation and requires strict volume confirmation and contextual market analysis to be valid (Considerations). This is mostly used by traders practicing technical analysis for their trading career.

Copy trading is a trading method where an account automatically replicates the positions of another trader. Copy trading allows selected trades to be mirrored in a personal account while still controlling capital, allocation, and risk settings. It is often used by less experienced traders, but results still depend on trader selection, risk limits, and ongoing monitoring. TMGM is one of the best Tier 1 Regulated Broker that provides Copy Trading services, regulated by ASIC (Australian Securities and Investment Commission), and uses an industry Tier-1 Liquidity provider.

Direct Answer: The head and shoulders pattern is a foundational Chart Pattern Trading formation in technical analysis that signals a potential trend reversal, indicating that an prevailing uptrend has lost its momentum. Structurally, it consists of three successive peaks where the middle peak is the highest (left shoulder, head, right shoulder), all anchored by a foundational support level known as the neckline. For traders wondering is the head and shoulders pattern bullish or bearish, the standard formation is inherently bearish, acting as a distribution phase before a significant markdown in price.

Direct Answer: A doji is a neutral candlestick pattern where the open and close are almost the same, forming a small real body that signals indecision and a possible shift in momentum, especially after a strong move. Traders usually apply it in three ways: 1) wait for confirmation from the next candle, 2) treat it as a decision point at support or resistance, 3) trade a break above the doji high or below the doji low as a breakout trigger.

Direct Answer: Chart patterns are repeatable price structures on a candlestick chart that help traders plan entries, exits, and risk by defining support, resistance, and the most likely next path of price. Traders use these geometric formations to project future price direction, measure volatility compression, and establish asymmetric risk-to-reward setups. The top 2 ways traders approach a chart pattern trading include Breakout Trading, Range Trading, and executing with confirmation before entry. For foundational knowledge on technical analysis, review our comprehensive guides on What is Technical Analysis: The Ultimate Guide for Beginners.

Direct Answer: Flag pattern chart trading is a technical analysis trading strategy that identifies short-term trend continuation patterns, characterized by a brief price correction (the flag) after a strong, sharp price movement (the flagpole). It signals that the prevailing market trend (Flagpole), whether bullish or bearish, will likely resume after this pause, allowing traders to enter at a more advantageous price before the trend continues. Flag pattern trading strategy goes, entry: choose a breakout close or support retest pullback level, place the stop beyond the flag extreme, then pick profit target either using RRR by percentage from the breakout point or Fibonacci Tools.

Direct Answer: Trading is buying and selling financial instruments to profit from price movements, usually over short time frames. It uses orders (market, limit, stop), often leverage and margin, and strict risk controls. Trading can happen in spot markets or via derivatives like CFDs. Key Takeaways Trading vs. Investing: Trading seeks short-term "alpha" through volatility, while investing focuses on long-term wealth compounding. Mechanics: Traders use broker platforms to connect to exchanges, often utilizing leverage and margin to amplify exposure. Your trading style should match your available time, instrument behavior, cost structure, and psychological tolerance for drawdowns. People trade online for profits, easy access and flexibility, but the biggest hidden risk is using leverage without a position sizing and stop loss plan.

MetaTrader 5, or MT5, is a multi-asset trading platform developed by MetaQuotes for analysing financial markets, placing and managing trades, and running automated trading strategies. Traders connect MT5 to a broker account to receive market prices, access available instruments, submit trading orders, and monitor positions through one trading interface.

MetaTrader 4 (MT4) is an electronic trading platform developed by MetaQuotes that traders use through an online broker to view market prices, analyse charts, place and manage trades, and run automated trading programs called Expert Advisors. MT4 is trading software, not a broker, and it does not hold trader funds.

Heikin Ashi is an important part of technical analysis. One of the most important ones is identifying market trends. However, spotting market trends can be challenging if you are a beginner or have yet to master market volatility. This is where indicators come into play, and in this article, we will break down the Heikin Ashi technique.

Bollinger Band strategies include mean reversion, breakout trading, and trend following. This is one of the most important indicator based trading strategy in technical analysis for trading. In a mean reversion strategy, traders buy when the price touches the lower band and sell when it hits the upper band, assuming the price will return to the middle moving average. A breakout strategy involves waiting for a period of low volatility (a "squeeze," or bands moving close together) followed by a price breaking out of the bands to signal the start of a new trend. Trend following involves using the bands to identify a trend's direction and strength, entering trades that align with the trend and using the bands to find entry and exit points within that trend

Bollinger Bands are a technical analysis tool that places a moving average between two volatility-based bands. Their main purpose is to show whether price is relatively high or low compared with its recent behavior, while also making changes in volatility easier to see. They can help a trader recognize compression, expansion, trend persistence and possible mean reversion, but they do not predict the next move on their own.

The Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a technical indicator that measures trend direction by averaging price data while assigning greater weight to recent prices, which makes the EMA more responsive to new price changes than the Simple Moving Average (SMA). Traders use the EMA to identify the direction of a trend, generate entry and exit signals through crossovers, and locate dynamic support and resistance levels on charts across forex, stocks, indices, and commodities.

Short answer: trading vs investing differs mainly by time frame, tools, turnover, taxes, and the role each plays in your portfolio. This guide explains both approaches, shows the key differences, and gives you a simple decision framework.

In the dynamic world of financial markets, two powerful forces continually shape the landscape: the charging bull and the swiping bear. These iconic animals have come to symbolize the ebb and flow of market trends, influencing investment strategies and trading decisions worldwide. But what lies beneath these metaphors, and how can traders harness their power to navigate the complex waters of financial markets? Join us as we embark on a comprehensive journey through the bull and bear markets, uncovering strategies, insights, and expert knowledge that can elevate your trading game.

A popular trading strategy among forex traders is identifying supply and demand zones. However, not many traders are well-versed in this area; many fail to recognize the subtle signs that help determine an area’s strength.

Fundamental analysis is a critical method used by traders and investors to assess the true value of financial assets. Traders can determine whether a security is undervalued or overvalued by focusing on economic, financial, and industry-specific data. This comprehensive guide explores how fundamental analysis works, its key components, different types of fundamental analysis, and its application in trading strategies.

Moving averages are a powerful and versatile tool in forex trading, helping traders identify trends, spot trend reversals, and improve their decision-making. This guide explains moving averages, the types available, practical moving average strategies to improve your trading strategies, and how they can be combined with other tools to refine your trading approach.

A moving average (MA) is a lagging technical indicator that smooths a selected number of historical prices into a continuously updated line. Traders use its slope, the price’s position relative to it and relationships between multiple averages to assess trend direction, but it does not predict future price by itself.

A reversal candlestick pattern is a visual, technical chart formation—composed of one or more candles—that indicates a potential shift in market direction, signaling a move from an uptrend to a downtrend (bearish) or vice versa (bullish). These patterns suggest momentum is exhausting and market sentiment is changing, acting as warning signals for traders to potentially enter or exit positions. In this guide, we’ll break down the essentials of reverse candlestick patterns in technical analysis and how to effectively use them, ensuring you're trading with confidence and security.

Direct Answer: Day trading is a high risk, short term activity or strategy where traders buy and sell financial instruments (CFDs, Forex, Stock, Crypto, etc) within the same day, before the market closes, to profit from small price movements and to avoid overnight risks. It requires intense chart monitoring, technical analysis, quick decision-making, strong discipline and emotional control.

Spot trading is the immediate purchase or sale of a financial instrument at the current market price for instant settlement. Unlike futures or forward trading, where delivery is deferred, spot transactions transfer ownership of the asset immediately (typically T+2 days). It is the foundation for strategies like Scalping, Day Trading, and long-term investing.

Short selling is a powerful trading strategy where an investor borrows and sells an asset, aiming to repurchase it later at a lower price to profit from the decline. While it can be highly profitable, short selling carries significant risks, including unlimited loss potential. Understanding how short selling works and when to apply this strategy is essential for traders looking to capitalize on falling markets. This guide explores the mechanics, strategies, risks, and advanced techniques of short selling.

Top-down analysis in Forex is a systematic approach that starts with examining broad market trends on higher timeframes before zooming in on shorter timeframes. Traders begin by identifying overall directional bias and key support and resistance levels on daily or weekly charts, then refine their focus using one- to-three hour charts. The goal is to combine macroeconomic context with precise technical signals to make more informed entry and exit decisions.

WTI (West Texas Intermediate) is the primary benchmark used to price crude oil in the United States and one of the two global oil benchmarks alongside Brent. WTI is important because it is the main benchmark for the US oil market, it underlies the NYMEX oil futures contract, has a growing role in international oil pricing, and is a high quality refining feedstock. The WTI benchmark is used to price physical crude in the US market through contract differentials and spot pricing centered on Cushing. It is also used for trading oil exposure through derivatives. WTI oil is traded through derivatives such as CFDs, futures, and options, with traders going long or short based on whether they expect the price to rise or fall. Trading WTI starts with choosing a regulated platform, opening and funding an account, locating the WTI instrument, and placing a position with defined risk controls.

Trading with algorithms might seem like a daunting approach reserved for tech-savvy traders, but it is more accessible than ever before. With just a bit of learning, guidance, and practice, even beginners can harness the power of automation with Python to build and execute trading algorithms through MetaTrader 5 (MT5). This guide will walk you through the basics of setting up trading algorithms, along with practical examples and scripts that can help revolutionize your trading approach.

Brent crude oil is the main international benchmark for light, sweet crude oil from the North Sea, trading under the ticker XBRUSD or the label UK Oil on most trading platforms. Brent is important because it prices around 78% of globally traded exported crude and reflects global seaborne market conditions more effectively than landlocked benchmarks. It is used to guide the price of crude grades and petroleum contracts worldwide, and as the underlying instrument in futures, options, and CFD contracts for hedging and speculation. Traders access Brent by opening a long or short position through a regulated broker, with profit or loss equal to the difference between entry and exit price.

Direct Answer: The Gold-Silver Ratio (GSR) shows how many ounces of silver it takes to buy one ounce of gold, calculated by dividing gold's price by silver's price, serving as a tool for investors to gauge relative value, identify market trends, and find investment opportunities in precious metals by spotting when one metal might be undervalued compared to the other. A high ratio suggests gold is expensive relative to silver (potentially a buy silver signal), while a low ratio indicates silver is expensive (potentially buy gold).

When trading assets like stocks, forex, or futures, individual units aren't typically bought or sold directly; instead, traders use lot sizes as the standard unit of measurement. A lot size represents a specific quantity of an asset being traded. Whether you're dealing with stocks, currencies, or bonds, lot size helps to standardize the quantity being transacted, allowing for easier comparison across different markets. The concept of lot size is fundamental for traders, as it dictates how much of a particular asset you're buying or selling and can significantly impact your risk management and profit potential. In this guide, we'll delve into the intricacies of lot size, discuss its applications across various asset classes, and explain how you can use a lot size calculator to manage your trades more effectively.

The risk reward ratio compares the potential loss of a trade with its potential gain. A risk reward ratio of 1:2 means a trader is willing to risk one unit of money for the opportunity to earn two units. Traders use this measurement to evaluate a trade idea before entering the market by comparing the distance between the entry price, stop loss and take profit target. The risk reward ratio is an important part of risk management, but it does not predict whether a trade will succeed. A trading strategy must also consider win rate, position sizing, market conditions and trading costs.

The trading landscape is shifting rapidly, and for many traders, the choice between MetaTrader 4 (MT4) and MetaTrader 5 (MT5) is no longer just a matter of preference—it is a matter of strategic alignment. While MT4 remains a legend in the industry as the ‘Forex Gold Standard’, MT5 has emerged as the definitive future for those seeking multi-asset diversification and high-performance execution. Understanding which platform aligns with your specific edge is the first step toward institutional-grade success. If you are looking for a quick verdict: MT4 is the ideal choice for the specialist trader focused exclusively on the Forex markets and legacy automated systems. Conversely, MT5 is the superior tool for the modern strategist who requires access to global stocks, futures, and advanced backtesting capabilities.

MetaTrader 4 and MetaTrader 5 are separate trading platforms developed by MetaQuotes. MT4 is primarily associated with traditional forex trading workflows, while MT5 provides more timeframes, analytical tools, pending order types, position accounting options and a more capable strategy testing environment. MetaQuotes officially lists 9 timeframes and 30 built in indicators for MT4, compared with 21 timeframes and 38 built in indicators for MT5.

Fibonacci retracement is a popular technical indicator that helps traders identify potential support and resistance levels based on the Fibonacci sequence. It works by measuring how far a price has retraced from a recent move and projecting key levels—such as 38.2%, 50%, and 61.8%—where price action might pause or reverse. These levels are derived from the golden ratio, a mathematical pattern found in nature and financial markets alike. In this guide, we’ll explain how Fibonacci retracement works, why it matters, and how to use it effectively in your trading strategy, be it day trading, swing trading or spot trading strategy.

The Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) indicator is a powerful and widely-used tool in technical analysis that traders utilize to identify potential entry and exit points in financial markets. In this article, you'll gain a comprehensive understanding of the MACD indicator, exploring its historical origins, essential components, and the mathematical foundations behind its calculation. You'll learn how to effectively interpret MACD signals, apply them to practical trading strategies, and recognize optimal entry and exit opportunities. Additionally, the article addresses the inherent limitations of the MACD, providing a balanced perspective that can help refine your trading decisions. Whether you're new to trading or looking to enhance your analytical toolkit, this guide offers actionable insights to elevate your trading proficiency using the MACD indicator with TMGM.

RSI, or Relative Strength Index, is a technical indicator in trading to measure the momentum and magnitude of recent price changes to identify overbought or oversold conditions in a security. It is displayed as a line graph on a scale from 0 to 100, with readings above 70 often indicating an asset is overbought and below 30 suggesting it is oversold.